Bloom the yeast. In the bowl of a stand mixer, combine the warm water and sugar. Sprinkle the yeast over the top and let sit until foamy (about 5–10 minutes)
Mix the dough. Add the remaining ingredients to the bowl and mix until a shaggy dough forms and most of the flour is incorporated
Knead. Knead with a dough hook until the dough is smooth and elastic (about 6–8 minutes)
First rise. Form the dough into a ball, place it in a lightly greased bowl, cover, and let rise until doubled in size (about 60–90 minutes)
Divide and shape. Turn the dough out onto a clean surface and divide into equal portions. Roll each portion into a smooth ball
Form bagels. Poke a hole through the center of each dough ball and gently stretch to form a bagel shape. Place on a parchment-lined baking sheet and cover while you prepare the water bath
Prepare the water bath. Bring a large pot of water to a gentle simmer (not a rolling boil) and carefully add the baking soda. Working in batches, gently lower 2–3 bagels into the hot water. Cook for 45 seconds per side, then remove with a slotted spoon and return to the baking sheet
Add egg wash and toppings. Brush each water-bathed bagel with egg wash, then sprinkle with everything bagel seasoning (or your preferred topping)
Bake. Bake at 475°F for 15 minutes, or until golden brown
Cool. Let bagels cool on the pan for a few minutes, then transfer to a wire rack to cool before slicing